Nitrocellulose membrane (abbreviated as NC membrane) has high protein binding capacity and high mechanical strength, consistent capillary rate and thickness, and does not require pre-wetting with methanol during use. It is the carrier for the C/T line in colloidal gold test strips and is also the most important consumable in immunological reaction tests. In addition, nitrocellulose membrane is very important for the performance of diagnostic chromatographic test strips, serving as a solid-phase support medium for the formation of immune complexes, allowing users to directly read results on the membrane.

NC membrane is mainly used in the preparation of in vitro diagnostic reagents, such as colloidal gold test strips and immunochromatographic test strips. As a carrier, NC membrane fixes specific target molecules by their adsorption characteristics on the detection line and control line, utilizing immune reactions to detect the target molecules. Its main performance indicators include the apparent quality of the membrane, capillary flow time, thickness, protein binding capacity, quality of the sprayed membrane lines, and surfactants.

NC membrane mainly serves as a carrier for proteins in Western blot experiments, allowing proteins to transfer from the gel to the membrane, and then proceed with subsequent immunodetection. The pore size of the NC membrane directly affects its adsorption capacity and resolution for proteins. Typically, for proteins with a molecular weight greater than 20kD, a 0.45μm membrane should be selected; for proteins with a molecular weight less than 20kD, a 0.2μm membrane should be chosen. If the protein molecular weight is less than 7kD, a 0.1μm membrane can be selected.